K. E.  Sanamyan and Sanamyan, N. P., ?Deep-water ascidians from the south-western Atlantic (RV Dimitry Mendeleev, cruise 43 and Academic Kurchatov, cruise 11)?, Journal of Natural History, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 305-359, 2002.

B. I.  Brewin, ?Ascidians of New Zealand. Part VII. Ascidians from Otago coastal waters, Part II.?, Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, vol. 79, no. 3-4, pp. 452-458, 1952.

R. H.  Millar, ?Tunicata Ascidiacea?, Marine Invertebrates. Scandinavia, vol. 1, pp. 1-123, 1966.